Caraíva, founded in 1537, located in southern Bahia between sea and river, is the oldest village in Brazil. The 477 years of the village produced a unique culture based on harmonious and productive cultural and ethnic diversity of the population. Caraíva celebrates  traditional feast of San Sebastian, São Pedro, São João, has capoeira groups, local bands, painters, poets, artisans, Forro clubs and presentations of Brazilian musicians, providing an important economic flow.

Caraíva is now an ecologically preserved place wich benefits from several environmental and historical protections: strict protection zone of IPHAN (historical places), Environmental Protection Area (APA) Caraíva-Trancoso, UNESCO World Heritage Site (Discovery Coast), reserve Zone extractive Navy (RESEX) and surrounding Zone of Monte Pascoal Historical National Park

In 2006 was founded the Community and Environmental Council of Caraíva. The Council was able to cancel the FUNAI scary project of annexing the village whith neighboring Barra Velha indigenous land and deporting of Caraíva all not Indians residents ...
The Council presented to the government of Bahia its "Caraíva with Stars" project, an underwater and underground electricity distribution without public light, preserving the wonderful village starry sky. This unique facility in Brazil was opened in July 2007.

In 2006 the Council established with the community the Master Plan of Caraíva wich takes into account the specificities of Caraíva.

The plan updated in 2018.